Rukara rwa Bishingwe: Amateka y’Umurashi watinyutse guhangara abazungu, akitwa intahana-batatu.

Ni nde wari Rukara rwa Bishingwe, kandi ni iki cyatumye izina rye riguma mu mateka y’u Rwanda? Iyo bavuze amateka y’abanyarwanda baranzwe n’ubutwari no kutagira ubwoba, hari amazina atandukanye ahita aza mu bitekerezo. Ariko mu majyaruguru y’u Rwanda hari izina rimaze imyaka myinshi rivugwa mu nkuru, mu bisigo no mu mateka y’abanaga n’abakomoka ku Barashi: Rukara rwa Bishingwe. Rukara yabayeho mu gihe cy’ubwami, cyane cyane ku ngoma ya Yuhi V Musinga, kandi inkomoko ye ikaba ihuzwa n’i Gahunga mu karere ka Burera, ahazwi cyane nk’i Gahunga k’Abarashi. Yari mwene Bishingwe na Nyirakavumbi. Se, Bishingwe, na we yari afite umwanya ukomeye mu ngabo z’Abarashi. Rukara ntiyari umuntu usanzwe. Yari umutware w’Abarashi, umutwe w’abarwanyi wari uzwi cyane mu mateka y’ubwami. Inyandiko z’amateka zigaragaza ko Rukara yaje kugira izina rikomeye mu buyobozi bw’imitwe y’ingabo, ndetse akaba yarasimbuye se mu buyobozi bw’Abarashi. Ndetse n’icyivugo cye cyaravugwaga ngo: “Rukara rw’igikundiro, urwa Semukanya intahana-batatu ya Rutamu.” Abanditsi bamwe b’amateka bamushushanya nk’umugabo wari ufite igihagararo n’igitinyiro. Umwanditsi Dufays wo mu 1928 yavuze ko yari afite hafi metero 1 na santimetero 90. Umuntu utaragiraga ubwoba bwo kuvuga Rukara yari azwiho kuba umuntu udatinya kuvugisha ukuri, ndetse n’iyo yabaga ari imbere y’abantu bafite ububasha. Inkuru zimwe z’amateka zivuga ko yagiraga amakimbirane n’abategetsi bakomeye, harimo n’Umugabekazi Nyina wa Yuhi Kanjogera wari umubyeyi wa Musinga. Ibyo byatumye Rukara aba umuntu utari woroshye kuyobora cyangwa ngo yemere ibyo atemeranywaho na byo. Ariko ikibazo cyaje kuba gikomeye kurushaho igihe abazungu b’abamisiyoneri batangiye kugira uruhare runini mu bice by’amajyaruguru. Rukara n’abamisiyoneri Mu gihe cy’ubukoloni, abamisiyoneri b’Abagatolika bari bamaze kugera mu bice bitandukanye by’u Rwanda, bashaka gukwirakwiza ubukirisitu. Mu majyaruguru, Rukara yari mu bantu batari biteguye kwemera ibintu byose bazanye. Inyandiko z’amateka zivuga ko hari amakimbirane hagati ye n’abamisiyoneri, cyane cyane Padiri Paulin Loupias, Abanyarwanda bise Rugigana, wari umupadiri w’Umuzungu wakoreraga muri Misiyoni ya Rwaza. Aha ni ho inkuru ya Rukara yatangiye guhinduka imwe mu nkuru zikomeye cyane mu mateka y’u Rwanda. Umunsi umwe ibintu byahindutse amaraso Hari ikibazo cy’inka n’ubutware cyatumye Rukara na Rugigana bahura. Inkuru yigishwa na REB ivuga ko Rugigana yari yaratumwe n’ibwami kugira ngo agire uruhare mu gukemura ikibazo cyari hagati y’abantu bo mu gace Rukara yayoboragamo. Ibyabaye muri icyo gihe byaje gutuma amakimbirane hagati ya Rukara na Rugigana arushaho gukomera. Hari amasoko y’amateka avuga ko Rugigana yakubise Rukara, maze Rukara nawe akamwica. Ibindi bikavuga ngo yaramusuhuze ngo Yambo Rukara bisobanura Hujambo mu Giswahili undi nawe ati nkagushahura sinakamburwa abana, Ibyo byabaye intandaro yo guhigwa kwa Rukara, kuko kwica umuzungu, cyane cyane umumisiyoneri, icyo gihe byafatwaga nk’ikibazo gikomeye cyane. Rukara yahise ahungira mu Ndorwa, aho yashakaga kwishingikiriza kuri Ndungutse, na we wari ufite amakimbirane n’ubutegetsi bwa Musinga. Ariko aho yari yizeye ubuhungiro ni ho ibintu byaje guhindukira. Uwari umwiringiye ni we wamugambaniye Ndungutse yaje gufata icyemezo cyo gushyikiriza Rukara abazungu. Mu mwaka wa 1912, Rukara yarafashwe, ajyanwa imbere y’abategetsi b’Abadage. Inyandiko z’amateka z’u Rwanda zivuga ko yaciriwe urubanza rwo kwicwa. Ariko Rukara ntiyari yararangije kurwana. Ku munsi wo kumwica, inkuru y’amateka ivuga ko igihe yari agiye kunyongwa, yambuye umurinzi w’imbere inkota, ayikoresha mu kumurwanya, maze abasirikare baramurasa ubwo yageragezaga guhunga. Yaguye i Ruhengeri ku wa 18 Mata 1912, nk’uko inyandiko z’amateka zibigaragaza. Ni aho ubuzima bw’umugabo wari umaze igihe kinini azwiho kutagamburuzwa bwarangiriye. Kuki Rukara akiri mu mateka? Rukara ntabwo azwi gusa kubera ko yishe umuzungu. Inkuru ye ifite uburemere kubera ko igaragaza ibihe u Rwanda rwanyuzemo ubwo ubutegetsi bw’abazungu, ubwami n’abamisiyoneri byari bitangiye guhura mu buryo bushya. Yabaye umwe mu bantu bagaragaje ukurwanya ubutegetsi bw’abakoroni n’uruhare rw’abamisiyoneri mu buzima bw’abaturage, kandi inkuru ye yakomeje kubaho mu mvugo, mu ndirimbo z’amateka no mu nyandiko. Abashakashatsi bavuga ko inkuru ya Rukara ari imwe mu nkuru z’ingenzi zifasha gusobanukirwa amateka n’umuco byo mu majyaruguru y’u Rwanda. Kugeza na n’ubu, izina rye riracyavugwa cyane mu Gahunga, cyane cyane mu muryango w’Abarashi n’abamukomokaho. Rukara rwa Bishingwe yarapfuye, ariko inkuru ye ntiyapfuye. Ni inkuru y’umugabo w’umurashi wabayeho mu gihe cy’impinduka zikomeye, akagira ubutwari bwo guhangana n’ubutegetsi bwari bumuruta, ariko amaherezo ubuzima bwe bukarangirira imbere y’amasasu. Kandi ikibazo gisigara ari iki: Ese Rukara yari intwari yarwaniraga uburenganzira bw’abo yayoboraga, cyangwa yari umuntu w’umutware wanze kwemera ubutegetsi bushya bwari butangiye guhindura u Rwanda? Igisubizo gishobora guterwa n’uko usoma amateka ye, ariko ikintu kimwe kidashidikanywaho ni uko Rukara rwa Bishingwe yasize izina rikomeye mu mateka y’u Rwanda.