Bob marley : umuhanzi wahinduye reggae umuziki w'isi.

Iyo havuzwe umuziki wa reggae, izina rya Bob Marley ni rimwe mu mazina ya mbere ahita aza mu bitekerezo byabakunzi b'umuziki ku isi. Yari umuririmbyi, umwanditsi w'indirimbo n'umucuranzi wa gitari ukomoka muri Jamaica, wabashije kugeza reggae ku rwego mpuzamahanga kandi indirimbo ze zigakomeza kumvikana imyaka myinshi nyuma y'urupfu rwe. Bob Marley yavutse ari Robert Nesta Marley, ku wa 6 Gashyantare 1945, i Nine Mile muri paruwasi ya St. Ann muri Jamaica. Nyina yari Cedella Marley, naho se yari Norval Sinclair Marley. Ubuzima bwe bwa mbere yabubayemo muri ako gace ko mu cyaro, aho yakuze azi umuco n'imigenzo bya Jamaica bifite imizi ikomeye muri Afurika. Mu myaka ye y'ubuto, Marley yaje kwimukira i Kingston, umurwa mukuru wa Jamaica. Yaje gutura ahitwa Trench Town, ahantu hari ubukene ariko hakaba harazwi cyane nk'ahantu hahuriraga urubyiruko rufite impano mu muziki.

Yigishijwe ibijyanye no kuririmba na Joe Higgs, kandi ni ho yamenyaniye n'abandi bahanzi bari kuzagira uruhare rukomeye mu rugendo rwe rwa muzika, barimo Peter Tosh na Bunny Wailer. Mu ntangiriro z'imyaka ya 1960, Bob Marley yatangiye gukora umuziki mu buryo bw'umwuga.Indirimbo ye ya mbere yagiye ishyirwa ahagaragara ni "Judge Not", yasohotse mu 1962, ubwo yari akiri umusore. Ariko intambwe ikomeye kurushaho yaje igihe yifatanyaga na Peter Tosh na Bunny Wailer bagashinga itsinda ryaje kumenyekana nka The Wailers. Mu 1964, The Wailers bakunzwe cyane muri Jamaica nyuma y'indirimbo "Simmer Down", yabaye imwe mu ndirimbo zabo za mbere zagize izina rikomeye ku isoko ry'umuziki muri icyo gihugu. Uko imyaka yagendaga, The Wailers bakomeje guhuza injyana za ska, rocksteady na reggae, ari na ko Bob Marley agenda yubaka umwihariko we mu miririmbire no mu kwandika indirimbo. Mu myaka ya 1970 ni bwo izina rya Bob Marley ryatangiye kurenga imbibi za Jamaica. Mu 1972, The Wailers basinye amasezerano na Island Records, maze mu 1973 hasohoka album Catch a Fire, ikurikirwa na Burnin. Izi album zafashije umuziki wabo kumenyekana cyane hanze ya Jamaica. Indirimbo nka "Get Up, Stand Up,I Shot the Sheriff,No Woman, No Cry," "One Love" na "Redemption Song" zaje kuba zimwe mu ndirimbo zizwi cyane mu mateka ya reggae. Rock & Roll Hall of Fame ivuga ko Marley yagize uruhare rukomeye mu kugeza reggae ku isi, kandi umuziki we ugahuza ubutumwa bw'urukundo, ubumwe, kurwanya akarengane n'ubwisanzure.Umwihariko wa Bob Marley ntiwari gusa mu njyana y'umuziki yakoraga.Indirimbo ze nyinshi zari zifite ubutumwa bw'imibereho y'abantu, ubukene, akarengane, ubwisanzure n'ubumwe. Yari kandi umuyoboke ukomeye w'Rastafari, imyemerere yagize uruhare rukomeye mu mitekerereze ye no mu butumwa bw'indirimbo ze. Umuziki we waje kumenyekana ku isi nk'umuziki ufite uruhare mu kuvuga ku bibazo bya politiki n'imibereho y'abaturage. Ibi byatumye Marley ataba gusa umuririmbyi, ahubwo aba n'umuntu wagaragaraga nk'uharanira amahoro n'ubwiyunge.Mu 1976, igihe Jamaica yari irimo ibibazo bikomeye bya politiki, Bob Marley yibasiwe n’abantu bamurashe mu rugo rwe i Kingston.Yarashwe, ariko ararokoka. Nyuma y'iki gitero, Marley yavuye muri Jamaica ajya mu buhungiro mu Bwongereza. Icyakora, nubwo yari ahunze, ntabwo yahagaritse gukora umuziki. Nyuma yaho, yagarutse ku ruhando mpuzamahanga akomeza gukora indirimbo zakomeje kumwongerera izina.Mu 1977, Bob Marley and The Wailers basohoye album Exodus, imwe mu zakomeye cyane mu rugendo rw'umuhanzi. Muri iyi album harimo indirimbo nka "One Love," "Jamming” na "Waiting in Vain." Album yafashije kurushaho gukomeza gukwirakwiza umuziki wa Marley mu bihugu bitandukanye. Uko imyaka yakomezaga, Bob Marley agenda ahinduka umwe mu bahanzi ba mbere b'Abanyafurika bakomoka hanze y'umugabane w'Afurika bagira ijwi rikomeye ku rwego mpuzamahanga.Afurika yari ifite umwanya wihariye mu bitekerezo n'umuziki bya Bob Marley.Mu 1979, yasohoye album Survival, yari ifite ubutumwa bukomeye bwerekeye ubumwe n'ubwisanzure bw'Abanyafurika. Mu 1980, Marley yagiriye uruhare mu birori byabereye muri Zimbabwe byo kwizihiza ubwigenge bw'icyo gihugu. Ibi byabaye kimwe mu bihe by'ingenzi mu rugendo rwe rwo gushyigikira Afurika n'ubwisanzure. Nubwo yari ageze ku rwego rwo hejuru mu muziki, ubuzima bwa Bob Marley bwaje kugira iherezo ribabaje.Yaje gusuzumwa indwara ya kanseri, maze akomeza kuyirwanya mu gihe cy'amezi menshi. Mu gihe yari arwaye, yakomeje gukora no gutanga ubutumwa binyuze mu muziki. Album ye Uprising, yasohotse mu 1980, yabaye imwe mu bikorwa bye bya nyuma bikomeye. Muri yo harimo indirimbo "Redemption Song",imwe mu ndirimbo zakomeje kugira uruhare rukomeye mu murage wa Marley. Ku wa 11 Gicurasi 1981, Bob Marley yapfiriye i Miami muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, afite imyaka 36. Urupfu rwe rwababaje cyane abakunzi b'umuziki ku isi.Nyuma y'urupfu rwe, umurambo we wajyanywe muri Jamaica, aho ubu uruhukiye mu mva y'icyubahiro iri i Nine Mile, ahantu yavukiye. Nubwo Bob Marley yapfuye akiri muto, umuziki we ntiwapfuye.Mu 1994, yinjijwe muri Rock & Roll Hall of Fame, aho yashimiwe uruhare rukomeye yagize mu kugeza reggae ku rwego rw’isi.Umuziki we wakomeje kugira ingaruka ku bahanzi bo mu njyana zitandukanye, harimo reggae, rock, hip-hop na pop. Abana be na bo bakomeje kugira uruhare mu muziki no mu bikorwa bijyanye n'umurage wa se. Mu muryango wa Marley harimo abahanzi nka Ziggy Marley, Stephen Marley, Damian Marley, Julian Marley na KyMani Marley, bakomeje guteza imbere imirimo ijyanye n'umuziki wa se. Inzu Bob Marley yabagamo kuri 56 Hope Road i Kingston ubu ni inzu ndangamurage imwerekeye. Bob Marley Museum ivuga ko Marley yaguze iyo nzu mu 1975, akayibamo kugeza apfuye mu 1981. Nyuma y'urupfu rwe, umugore we Rita Marley yayihinduye inzu ndangamurage, ubu ikaba ibitse ibintu bitandukanye by'umwimerere byari ibya Marley. Iyi nzu ndangamurage ikomeza gusigasira amateka ye, umuziki we n'uruhare yagize mu muco wa Jamaica.Bob Marley yibukwa cyane kubera uburyo yashoboye gukoresha umuziki nk'uburyo bwo gutanga ubutumwa. Indirimbo ze ntizavugaga ku rukundo gusa. Zaganiraga ku mahoro, ubumwe, ubwisanzure, ubukene, akarengane n'icyizere.Ni yo mpamvu umuziki we wakomeje kurenga imbibi za Jamaica, ukagera ku bantu bo mu bihugu n'imico itandukanye. Rock & Roll Hall of Fame ivuga ko Marley yafashije guhindura reggae kuva ku njyana yari izwi cyane muri Jamaica ikaba injyana yamenyekanye ku isi hose. Bob Marley yavuye mu buzima bworoheje bwo muri Nine Mile na Trench Town, akura aba umwe mu bahanzi bakomeye Jamaica yigeze kugira. Yatangiye umuziki akiri muto, afatanya na Peter Tosh na Bunny Wailer muri The Wailers, nyuma aza kuba izina rikomeye ku giti cye. Album nka Catch a Fire, Burnin’, Natty Dread, Rastaman Vibration, Exodus, Survival na Uprising zagize uruhare mu gukwirakwiza reggae ku isi. Nubwo yapfuye afite imyaka 36 gusa, Bob Marley yasize umurage uruta imyaka yamaze ku isi. Indirimbo ze ziracyumvikana, ubutumwa bwe buracyaganirwaho, kandi umuziki we ukomeje guhuza abantu b'ingeri zitandukanye. Bob Marley ntiyari umuririmbyi wa reggae gusa, yabaye kimwe mu bimenyetso bikomeye by'umuziki wa Jamaica ku isi. RUBAVU TODAY - Amateka y'abahanzi n'ibyamamare, ashingiye kumateka yabyo.