Amasezerano y’Amahoro ya RDC n’u Rwanda Ku Munzani w’Intambara

Imirwano igikomeje mu Burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo iri kugerageza amasezerano y’amahoro u Rwanda na RDC byashyizeho umukono mu 2025, mu gihe hakomeje no kutumvikana ku ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ibyiyemezo byafashwe.

Ku wa 27 Kamena 2025, u Rwanda na RDC byashyize umukono i Washington ku masezerano y’amahoro yatewe inkunga na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, agamije kurangiza amakimbirane amaze igihe mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo.

Muri ayo masezerano, impande zombi ziyemeje kubahiriza ubusugire bw’ibihugu byazo, gufatanya mu by’umutekano no gufata ingamba ku mitwe yitwaje intwaro ikorera mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo.

Icyakora, nyuma y’umwaka urenga ayo masezerano ashyizweho umukono, imirwano iracyakomeza mu bice bitandukanye bya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru n’Amajyepfo.

Ingabo za Leta ya Congo, imitwe yitwaje intwaro izishyigikiye ndetse na M23 bakomeje kugirana imirwano.

Ibi byatumye hakomeza kugaragara itandukaniro hagati y’ibiganiro bya dipolomasi n’ibiri kubera ku rugamba.

Kimwe mu bintu bikomeje gutera impaka ni ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ibyemezo by’umutekano byafashwe n’impande zombi.

Congo yiyemeje gufata ingamba zo guhangana na FDLR, umutwe u Rwanda rufata nk’ikibazo ku mutekano warwo kubera ibikorwa byawo bikorerwa mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo.

Ku rundi ruhande, u Rwanda rwiyemeje gukura ingabo zarwo muri Congo no gukuraho ingamba z’ubwirinzi zashyizweho mu rwego rwo guhangana n’iterabwoba rituruka muri ako karere, nk’uko biteganywa n’amasezerano.

Gusa, impande zombi ntizirumvikana ku rugero ibyo byiyemezo byashyizwe mu bikorwa.

RDC ikomeza gushinja u Rwanda gufasha M23, mu gihe Kigali ihakana icyo kirego.

U Rwanda rwo rukomeza kugaragaza FDLR nk’imwe mu mpamvu nyamukuru z’impungenge z’umutekano mu karere.

Izi mpaka zikomeje kuba imwe mu mbogamizi zikomeye ku ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amasezerano ya Washington.

Ku wa 16 n’uwa 17 Nzeri 2026, u Rwanda na RDC byahuriye i Geneva mu biganiro by’Urwego Ruhuriweho rushinzwe Guhuza no Gukurikirana Ibikorwa by’Umutekano, rwashyizweho kugira ngo rukurikirane ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amasezerano ya Washington.

Muri ibyo biganiro harimo intumwa z’u Rwanda na RDC, ndetse n’abahagarariye Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Qatar, Togo n’Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe.

Abitabiriye ibiganiro bibanze ku byemezo by’umutekano bitarakemuka, banaganira ku buryo bwo gukurikirana no kugenzura ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ibyo impande zombi ziyemeje.

Ibiganiro byabaye mu gihe imirwano yari igikomeje mu Ntara za Kivu y’Amajyaruguru n’Amajyepfo, bigaragaza ingorane zo guhindura amasezerano ya dipolomasi umutekano uhamye ku butaka.

Nubwo M23 itari mu bagize amasezerano ya Washington, ikibazo cy’uyu mutwe gikomeje kuba ingenzi mu gushaka umuti w’amakimbirane yo mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo.

M23 yafashe Goma, umurwa mukuru wa Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, muri Mutarama 2025, nyuma yaho ifata na Bukavu, umurwa mukuru wa Kivu y’Amajyepfo.

Ibyo bikorwa byahinduye imiterere y’umutekano muri ako karere kandi bituma ikibazo cya M23 gikomeza kuba ku isonga mu biganiro byo gushaka amahoro.

Ku kibazo cya M23, hari inzira y’ibiganiro itandukanye iyobowe na Qatar, ihuza Guverinoma ya RDC n’Ihuriro ry’Uruzi rwa Congo (Congo River Alliance), umutwe wa politiki ufitanye isano na M23.

Nubwo ibiganiro bya Washington n’ibya Doha ari inzira ebyiri zitandukanye, ibizavamo imwe bishobora kugira ingaruka ku yindi, bitewe n’uko ikibazo cy’umutekano mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo gihuriramo.

Gukomeza kw’imirwano bituma hibazwa igihe amasezerano ya dipolomasi azatangira gutanga impinduka zifatika ku baturage bo mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo.

Amerika n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga bakomeje gushyigikira inzira y’amasezerano ya Washington, mu gihe Qatar ikomeje kugira uruhare mu biganiro bihuza Kinshasa n’ihuriro rifitanye isano na M23.

Kugira ngo inzira y’amahoro itere imbere, impande bireba ziracyasabwa gushyira mu bikorwa ibyo ziyemeje ku mutekano, kongera kubaka icyizere no kubahiriza amasezerano yo guhagarika imirwano.

Ku baturage, intambwe ifatika y’amahoro izagaragarira cyane cyane mu kugabanuka kw’imirwano, kugabanuka kw’abava mu byabo no kongera kubona uburyo bwo gusubira mu ngo zabo no kubona ibibatunga.

Amasezerano ya Washington rero yashyizeho urwego rwa dipolomasi rugamije gukemura amakimbirane hagati ya RDC n’u Rwanda, ariko ubushobozi bwayo bwo kugeza amahoro ku butaka buzakomeza gupimirwa ku buryo ibyo impande zombi ziyemeje bizashyirwa mu bikorwa.