Abashakashatsi bashatse kumenya niba umuntu ashobora gusohoka mu mubiri, ariko haboneka ikindi gitangaje

Nubwo nta muntu n’umwe mu bitabiriye ubushakashatsi washoboye kumenya neza ishusho yari yihishe mu kindi cyumba, abantu babiri bavuze ibintu bijyanye n’ibyo abashakashatsi bari gukora mu cyumba hagati, ibintu byatangaje abashakashatsi.

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’itsinda riyobowe n’umuhanga mu bumenyi bw’imikorere y’ubwonko, Marina Weiler, wo muri University of Virginia. Bwitabiriwe n’abantu 21 bari basanzwe bavuga ko bafite ubushobozi bwo kugira ubunararibonye bwo gusohoka mu mubiri.

Uko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe Abashakashatsi bashyize buri wese mu cyumba kimwe, aho yari ahantu hatuje kandi yari afatanyijwe n’igikoresho cya EEG cyakurikiraga ibikorwa by’ubwonko. Mu kindi cyumba, abashakashatsi bakoreraga ibikorwa byabo bataboneshwa n’uwitabiriye ubushakashatsi. Mu cyumba cya gatatu hari mudasobwa yariho ishusho imwe yatoranyijwe ku mashusho 100 atandukanye. Mudasobwa yari ihindukijwe ku buryo umuntu uri hanze y’icyumba atashoboraga kubona iyo shusho. Ikindi cyakozwe mu buryo bwo kugabanya amahirwe yo kubogama ni uko n’abashakashatsi ubwabo batari bazi ishusho yari yatoranyijwe kugeza igihe ubushakashatsi bwasesengurwaga nyuma y’amezi. Abitabiriye ubushakashatsi bahawe iminota iri hagati ya 60 na 90 kugira ngo bagerageze kumenya cyangwa gusobanura icyo babona, nubwo ishusho yari iri mu cyumba cya metero zirindwi uvuye aho bari.

Nta muntu wamenye ishusho yari yihishe Muri 21 bitabiriye ubushakashatsi, 13 bavuze ko hari ibintu bumvise cyangwa babonye bumva bifitanye isano n’ishusho yari yihishe. Muri abo 13, abantu umunani bavuze ko bari bagize ubunararibonye bwo kumva ko basohotse mu mibiri yabo. Abandi batanu bo bavuze ko bumvaga nk’aho babona amashusho cyangwa ibitekerezo biri mu bwenge bwabo, aho kumva ko koko basohotse mu mubiri. Abashakashatsi bakoresheje uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga bwifashisha AI kugira ngo bugereranye ibisobanuro byatanzwe n’abitabiriye ubushakashatsi n’amashusho 100 yari ashoboka. Ibisubizo byagaragaje ko ishusho nyayo yari yihishe itigeze ihabwa umwanya wo hejuru mu buryo bwatandukana n’ibyo umuntu yakwitega ku mahirwe asanzwe. Ibi bivuze ko ubushakashatsi butatanze gihamya y’uko abo bantu bashoboye kubona ishusho yari mu kindi cyumba.

Ariko habaye ikintu cyatangaje abashakashatsi Nubwo abitabiriye ubushakashatsi batabashije kumenya ishusho yari yihishe, abantu babiri batanze ibisobanuro ku byo abashakashatsi bari gukora mu cyumba cya kabiri. Umwe muri bo yavuze ko yabonye umushakashatsi umwe yicaye ku ruhande rw’ibumoso yibanze kuri mudasobwa, undi ari inyuma asoma igitabo. Igitangaje ni uko uko ari ko byari bimeze mu gihe uwo muntu yakoraga ubushakashatsi. Undi witabiriye ubushakashatsi na we yavuze ko yabonye umushakashatsi umwe ari iburyo yandika, undi ari ibumoso kuri mudasobwa. Na byo byahuraga n’uko abashakashatsi bari bicaye muri icyo gihe. Gusa abashakashatsi bashimangiye ko ibi bidashobora gufatwa nk’ikimenyetso gihamye cy’uko umuntu ashobora kubona ibintu ari kure cyangwa akoresheje ubundi buryo butazwi. Bavuga ko ibyo byabaye bitari mu byo bari bateganyije gupima mbere y’ubushakashatsi, bityo bikaba ari ibintu byabaye ku buryo butunguranye kandi bitarasuzumwa hakoreshejwe imibare ihagije.

Ubushakashatsi bukomeje gutera amatsiko Abashakashatsi bavuze ko ibisubizo bitunguranye bishobora gutuma hakorwa ubundi bushakashatsi bugamije kumenya neza ibiri inyuma y’ibi bintu. Umuhanga Marina Weiler yavuze ko yifuza ko ubushakashatsi nk’ubu bwatuma abashakashatsi batekereza uburyo bushya bwo gusuzuma ubunararibonye bwo gusohoka mu mubiri, ariko ashimangira ko ibimenyetso byabonetse bigomba kongera kugeragezwa mu bushakashatsi bukomeye kandi bwateguwe mbere. Iyi si yo nshuro ya mbere ubushakashatsi bugerageza gusuzuma ibyo abantu bavuga ku bijyanye no gusohoka mu mibiri yabo. Mu myaka ya 1960, umushakashatsi Robert Monroe na we yakoze ubushakashatsi busa n’ubu, ariko ntiyashoboye kumenya neza ikintu cyari cyihishe. Ibi bituma ikibazo cyo kumenya niba ibyo abantu bavuga ku “gusohoka mu mubiri” bifite ishingiro rya gihanga gikomeza kuba urujijo rutarabona igisubizo cya nyuma.